December 1, 2020

What Is Peritoneal Dialysis? Types of Peritoneal Dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a treatment for kidney failure that uses the lining the abdomen to clean the blood inside the body. The process is used a solution named dialysate to filter the blood. The process of draining and refilling with fresh dialysate is called an exchange. The exchange process usually takes between 30 to 40 minutes to drain and refiling.

Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) is a treatment that utilizes your peritoneum, a membrane lining your abdominal cavity, as a filter to remove wastes from your body. This type of dialysis requires a care partner to help with the process.

Your peritoneum does a similar job as the dialyzer on a dialysis machine during treatment or that your kidneys do every day. Waste products and fluid pass through the membrane into dialysate (dialysis fluid) and the fluid is drained with the waste products. Your peritoneum is what separates your blood from the dialysis fluid and allows the process to occur. Each time fluid is added to the abdomen and extra fluid and wastes are removed is called an exchange.

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Peritoneal Dialysis has been used in the United States since the 1980’s, and improvements continue to be made to ensure it is a safe and effective treatment. There are potential benefits and negatives to the treatment.

There are 2 types of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD). PD gives patients more flexibility and control over their lives. NKF provides various community support services to ensure PD patients start and stay well on PD. Patients and his/her family need to work closely with the health care team to achieve the best possible results and continue to lead an active life.

Continuous Cycling Peritoneal Dialysis

Continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD) is a method of performing peritoneal dialysis exchanges using a machine called a cycler during your sleeping hours. Generally, three to five exchanges are done each night. There is an option to drain directly to your toilet or a drain or into drain bags that you would empty when you wake up in the morning

Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is a method of performing peritoneal dialysis exchanges using gravity to drain and fill your peritoneal membrane with solutions four times each day, spaced evenly throughout the day.

Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter

To prepare for PD therapy, you need to undergo a small surgical procedure to have a catheter inserted into your abdomen. The catheter is a small rubber tube that is placed into the wall of your abdomen and secured using Dacron cuffs. Generally, two cuffs are used in adults and they help secure your catheter and prevent some forms of infections. The catheter is your entry and exit point for dialysate and for waste products.

What are the benefits of Peritoneal Dialysis

Painless and No Needling

Unlike HD, no vascular access or needling is required for PD, hence PD is a painless procedure.</li><li>Vascular access-related complications are one of the common causes of hospitalisation in haemodialysis patients.

Home-based Therapy

Patients carry out treatment themselves in the comfort of their own homes.

No need to travel to the dialysis centre for treatment and not restricted to dialysis centres’ schedule.

More flexibility to better fit dialysis into their lifestyle.

Patients take charge their own treatment plan and advice given by the PD care team.

References:

https://nkfs.org/treatment-options/what-is-peritoneal-dialysis/

https://www.dpcedcenter.org/treatment/dialysis/peritoneal-dialysis/

https://www.theinsightpartners.com/reports/peritoneal-dialysis-market