@meta.edutainmenthttps://teletype.in/atom/meta.edutainment2026-04-15T05:44:04.986Zmeta.edutainment:dma85R6N8dC2022-04-06T08:54:23.515Z2022-04-06T08:54:23.515Z

Слова по теме архитектуры будут полезны в экзамене IELTS Speaking, так как именно в этой части вы можете столкнуться с вопросами про здания либо инфраструктуру. В IELTS Speaking вам могут задать такие вопросы как «What types of buildings are there where you live?», «Describe a style of architecture that you like.» и так далее. Данная статья, поможет вам улучшить словарный запас и с уверенностью отвечать на такие вопросы в IELTS Speaking.

<section style="background-color:hsl(hsl(199, 50%, var(--autocolor-background-lightness, 95%)), 85%, 85%);"> <p id="snC7">Слова по теме архитектуры будут полезны в экзамене IELTS Speaking, так как именно в этой части вы можете столкнуться с вопросами про здания либо инфраструктуру. В IELTS Speaking вам могут задать такие вопросы как «What types of buildings are there where you live?», «Describe a style of architecture that you like.» и так далее. Данная статья, поможет вам улучшить словарный запас и с уверенностью отвечать на такие вопросы в IELTS Speaking.</p> </section> <ol id="Qaac"> <li id="MAr9"><strong>abutment</strong>: structural component supporting the lateral and vertical loading of structures.</li> <li id="dpOk"><strong>arcade</strong>: a series of arches carried by columns.</li> <li id="RR0Q"><strong>architectonic</strong>: the science of architecture.</li> <li id="lvWM"><strong>articulation</strong>: a method of jointing elements of an architectural design.</li> <li id="s0QH"><strong>BIM</strong>: (“Building Information Modeling”) construction information 3D-model tool.</li> <li id="X5w2"><strong>biomimicry</strong>: application of natural environment in construction principles.</li> <li id="cUuv"><strong>bracket</strong>: architectural element placed in a corner to strengthen an angle.</li> <li id="Ggou"><strong>building envelope</strong>: roof, sub floor, exterior doors, windows and exterior walls.</li> <li id="uFMJ"><strong>cladding</strong>: components attached to the primary structure of a building to form non-structural, external surfaces such as curtain walling or rainscreen.</li> <li id="pPGy"><strong>cloister</strong>: covered walk running along the walls of buildings and forming a quadrangle.</li> <li id="Xv9H"><strong>colossal</strong>: architectural order based on multilevel columns.</li> <li id="wJJh"><strong>composite</strong>: assembly of two different materials working better together than apart.</li> <li id="4rJZ"><strong>cornice</strong>: crown of an architectural structure rejecting rainwater away from the facade.</li> <li id="aEus"><strong>cradling</strong>: a framework of iron or wood, used to support a ceiling.</li> <li id="ZdIc"><strong>curvilinear</strong>: consisting of or bounded by curved lines.</li> <li id="7Qe5"><strong>denticulate</strong>: having dentils.</li> <li id="waaS"><strong>diagram</strong>: a drawing explaining the principles, elements and components of an architectural concept.</li> <li id="oAh5"><strong>diastyle</strong>: columns separated by three diameters.</li> <li id="SzOR"><strong>diminish</strong>: to cause an architectural element to taper.</li> <li id="CpIo"><strong>dipteral</strong>: construction having a double row of columns.</li> <li id="mAjF"><strong>drum</strong>: cylindrical blocks of stone composing a column.</li> <li id="fdmL"><strong>elevation</strong>: a representation to scale of the external face of a building or structure.</li> <li id="m73Y"><strong>eurythmy</strong>: harmonious proportions of a design or building.</li> <li id="arw0"><strong>facade</strong>: the face of the building with the main entrance.</li> <li id="0m6k"><strong>fenestration</strong>: all of the openings in the building envelope such as windows, doors, and skylights.</li> <li id="EEog"><strong>filler</strong>: materials combined together to make them cheaper or lighter.</li> <li id="3eUx"><strong>flamboyant</strong>: French Gothic style of architecture characterized by a wavy flame appearance.</li> <li id="9keQ"><strong>floor plan</strong>: a drawing to scale giving a bird’s eye view of the dimension and spatial relationships between objects and fixtures of a structure.</li> <li id="DDj7"><strong>floriated</strong>: architectural structure with ornamentation based on flowers and leaves.</li> <li id="Nu8z"><strong>fluting</strong>: a furrow dug in a column.</li> <li id="JQcg"><strong>foliation</strong>: ornamentation consisting of foliage.</li> <li id="oUCt"><strong>folly</strong>: a structure deliberately built as an ornamente to serve as a conversation piece or to lend interest to a view.</li> <li id="LkLd"><strong>form</strong>: the shape and structure of something.</li> <li id="2Nbv"><strong>galilee</strong>: the entrance of a porch or chapel.</li> <li id="0Qtb"><strong>galleria</strong>: a central promenade or court usually separating a shopping centre in two.</li> <li id="KZuR"><strong>ground plan</strong>: a drawing of the ground floor of a building.</li> <li id="2gbg"><strong>hexastyle</strong>: a portico or façade with six columns, usually representative of Greek temples.</li> <li id="xcRX"><strong>hierarchy</strong>: importance of a form or space by its size, shape, or placement relative to the other forms and spaces, based on how noticeable they are.</li> <li id="BSj7"><strong>high-pitched</strong>: a roof having high and tilted slopes.</li> <li id="aHCt"><strong>hip</strong>: the external angle where the sloping sides of a roof meet.</li> <li id="gflG"><strong>homogeneous</strong>: an architectural structure composed of parts that are all of the same nature or kind, or appearing as uniform.</li> <li id="PB8m"><strong>hypostyle</strong>: closed space with a roof supported by columns.</li> <li id="AQLO"><strong>imbricate</strong>: having tiles, shingles, or slates creating an overlapping cover.</li> <li id="Xsey"><strong>intercolumniation</strong>: the proportional spacing between columns.</li> <li id="YuLh"><strong>joggle post</strong> (or king post): a central vertical post or beam consisting of two timbers joined to each other by joggles, working in tension to support a beam below.</li> <li id="Z2Ga"><strong>juncture</strong>: intersection of two different materials, influencing how the building will age.</li> <li id="O9SQ"><strong>juxtaposition</strong>: two parts being placed close together or side-by-side, permitting comparison or contrast.</li> <li id="kDbc"><strong>lancet</strong>: diagonal arch belonging to the Gothic style, shaped as the tip of a spearhead.</li> <li id="r1Ac"><strong>lead holder</strong>: a mechanical drawing tool in which architects can use different types of lead to create different types of lines.</li> <li id="9d6f"><strong>lierne</strong>: a short rib connecting the intersections of the primary ribs, representative of the Gothic vaulting.</li> <li id="hHYT"><strong>lintel</strong> (or summer): horizontal piece (of wood, stone, metal) forming the superior part of an opening and supporting a structure.</li> <li id="zVmV"><strong>listed building</strong>: an officially recognized and protected building with a particular historical or architectural interest.</li> <li id="Bj1F"><strong>loggia</strong>: a covered and closed on the sides balcony, acting as an integral part of the housing.</li> <li id="bpAN"><strong>massing</strong>: a structure in two or three dimensions.</li> <li id="Q2br"><strong>member</strong>: a component part of a building or structure.</li> <li id="9bKN"><strong>merge</strong>: to combine, blend, or unite so as to blur distinctions and to make it look similar to what is around it.</li> <li id="LZtn"><strong>module</strong>: conventional unit of measure adopted to regulate the various parts of a whole.</li> <li id="gBug"><strong>naos</strong>: central part of a Greek sanctuary and intended to receive the statue of the god in an Egyptian temple.</li> <li id="ZLBt"><strong>order</strong>: proportions, shapes and ornamentation of any part built in elevation (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, and Composite).</li> <li id="2QAF"><strong>orientation</strong>: the position of a structure based on the east-west axis.</li> <li id="HyeS"><strong>parti</strong>: organizing decisions behind an architect’s design, presented as a basic diagram or a simple statement (coming from the French expression “parti pris”).</li> <li id="4mkn"><strong>piloti</strong>: the traditionally wooden piles driven into the ground and intended to support a construction out of water or above the ground.</li> <li id="6GQR"><strong>polychromy</strong>: the art of using several colors.</li> <li id="Js7i"><strong>post and lintel</strong> (or trabeated system): construction system where robust horizontal elements are held by robust vertical elements, such as Stonehenge for example.</li> <li id="fX49"><strong>postiche</strong>: ornament of sculpture encrusted in an architectural decoration.</li> <li id="o0qy"><strong>profile</strong>: a representation of an object in contour or outline.</li> <li id="xQBK"><strong>prostyle</strong>: temples having only one row of columns in front.</li> <li id="CXnD"><strong>pulvinate</strong>: curved convexly, with a swelling.</li> <li id="CBrk"><strong>queen post</strong>: tension member in a truss that can span longer openings than a king post.</li> <li id="jU6T"><strong>rampant</strong>: an element which is inclined and so arranged as to provide a slope.</li> <li id="fmiD"><strong>rendering</strong>: the art of creating three-dimensional images or animations in order to demonstrate the attributes of an architectural design.</li> <li id="DNgr"><strong>respond</strong>: a pilaster bonded into the wall and supporting an arch or a lintel.</li> <li id="7Cts"><strong>return</strong>: an architectural feature forming an angle with the main part.</li> <li id="UwYh"><strong>rhythm</strong>: a patterned repetition of elements in the space, a recurrence of lines, shapes, forms or colors.</li> <li id="V5I3"><strong>ribbon development</strong>: houses built in a continuous row along a main road, with individual accesses.</li> <li id="zLoe"><strong>rise</strong>: the height of an architectural structure.</li> <li id="Q7zf"><strong>rusticate</strong>: a masonry treatment used to separate blocks thanks to large joints and decorated with a textured design.</li> <li id="4q4q"><strong>scale</strong>: how the sizes of different architectural elements relate to one another, based on a reference standard.</li> <li id="2IXq"><strong>sexpartite</strong>: a rib vault divided into (or composed of) six parts, by two diagonal ribs and three transverse ribs.</li> <li id="eTCe"><strong>shaft</strong>: a column or structural member that supports a vaulting rib, between the capital and the base.</li> <li id="utgl"><strong>shell</strong>: the part separating the external space of the structure of a building from the internal one.</li> <li id="RTtr"><strong>soffit</strong>: the underside of an architectural element, different from the base.</li> <li id="77Te"><strong>spatiality</strong>: anything relating to, involving, or having the nature of space, in order to place and measure an architectural structure in the space.</li> <li id="QRvS"><strong>springing</strong>: the voussoirs requiring support from below until the keystone has been set in place, this is the level where an arch or vault rises from this support.</li> <li id="Og1q"><strong>stilts</strong>: structure or building to stand at a distance above the ground, vertical piers between the impost and the springing.</li> <li id="cgd4"><strong>storey</strong>: a floor or level of a building or architectural structure, that could be used by people.</li> <li id="z9MW"><strong>stria</strong>: a narrow channel, a set of parallel stripes on a structure.</li> <li id="n1dV"><strong>stringer</strong>: a long horizontal beam used for structural purposes, supporting cross members in floors or ceilings.</li> <li id="8MCp"><strong>stylobate</strong>: a pedestal supporting a colonnade, with molding, base and cornice around the perimeter of a building.</li> <li id="6K8j"><strong>subbase</strong>: the lowest part laid on the subgrade, on which the base course layer is located, to help prevent pumping of fine-grained, subgrade soils.</li> <li id="TSaw"><strong>summertree</strong> (or bressummer): a stone on the top of a column, pier, or wall that supports a wall, arch, lintel above a gap or opening.</li> <li id="jpec"><strong>supercolumnar</strong>: one colonnade above another or placed above a column.</li> <li id="q5WW"><strong>surbase</strong>: the uppermost part of a pedestal above the base of a structure.</li> <li id="ib7q"><strong>sustainable</strong> (or green building): the structure, and the processes related to this structure, environmentally responsible and energy efficient, in order to ensure the building’s ecological balance.</li> <li id="wawk"><strong>symmetry</strong>: element that we can divide in two parts and superimpose perfectly, without anything exceeding.</li> <li id="g84j"><strong>tailpiece</strong> (or tail beam): a piece forming an end, embedded in a wall.</li> <li id="OqWc"><strong>tectonics</strong>: the science or art of construction, including shaping, ornamenting, or assembling materials.</li> <li id="pqlM"><strong>texture</strong>: the structure given to a surface, playing with the size, shape, light and proportions of the architectural components.</li> <li id="wtF2"><strong>truncated</strong>: cut by subtracting a significant part.</li> <li id="CQFF"><strong>uniformity</strong>: architectural structures being identical, homogeneous, or regular.</li> </ol>