Neuroscience: A Pulse of Hope in the Fight Against Alzheimer
Alzheimer's disease (AD), also referred to simply as Alzheimer's, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and gradually worsens over time. It is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events.
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As the disease advances, symptoms can include problems with language, disorientation (including easily getting lost), mood swings, loss of motivation, not managing self-care, and behavioural issues. As a person's condition declines, they often withdraw from family and society. Gradually, bodily functions are lost, ultimately leading to death. Although the speed of progression can vary, the typical life expectancy following diagnosis is three to nine years.
Genetic
The genetic heritability of Alzheimer's disease (and memory components thereof), based on reviews of twin and family studies, ranges from 49% to 79%.[38] Around 0.1% of the cases are familial forms of autosomal (not sex-linked) dominant inheritance, which have an onset before age 65. This form of the disease is known as early onset familial Alzheimer's disease.
Most of autosomal dominant familial AD can be attributed to mutations in one of three genes: those encoding amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilins 1 and 2. Most mutations in the APP and presenilin genes increase the production of a small protein called Aβ42, which is the main component of senile plaques.
Some of the mutations merely alter the ratio between Aβ42 and the other major forms—particularly Aβ40—without increasing Aβ42 levels. Two other genes associated with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease are ABCA7 and SORL1.
Diagnosis
Alzheimer's disease is usually diagnosed based on the person's medical history, history from relatives, and behavioural observations. The presence of characteristic neurological and neuropsychological features and the absence of alternative conditions is supportive.
Advanced medical imaging with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) can be used to help exclude other cerebral pathology or subtypes of dementia. Moreover, it may predict conversion from prodromal stages (mild cognitive impairment) to Alzheimer's disease
DYNAMICS
The Alzheimers disease diagnostics and therapeutics market is expected to grow in coming years owing to rise in aging population, increase in incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, increase in research and development investment, and high rate of neurological disorders. On the other hand, significant number of drugs in pipeline for the treatment and diagnosis for Alzheimers disease is likely to offer growth opportunities for the players operating in the market.
SCOPE
The "Global Alzheimers Disease Diagnostics and Therapeutics Market Analysis to 2027" is a specialized and in-depth study with a special focus on the global medical device market trend analysis. The report aims to provide an overview of Alzheimers disease diagnostics and therapeutics market with detailed market segmentation by product type, end users, and geography. The global Alzheimers disease diagnostics and therapeutics market is expected to witness high growth during the forecast period. The report provides key statistics on the market status of the leading Alzheimers disease diagnostics and therapeutics market players and offers key trends and opportunities in the market.