Lesson 4. Present Simple.

| Grammar reference

▪️Present simple

Для present simple нам нужно использовать глагол do/does в вопросах и don’t/doesn’t в отрицательных предложениях.

▪️Когда действие производят he/she/it, к глаголу добавляем окончание -s/-es:

• В большинстве случаев мы просто добавляем окончание -s: play - plays (играть), work - works (работать).
• Если слово оканчивается на буквы s, z, sh, ch на конце, то добавляем окончание -es [ iz ]: watch - watches (смотреть).
• Если слово оканчивается на согласную+y, то удаляем y и добавляем -es, т.е. study - studies (учиться).
• Два исключения: do - does (делать), go - goes (идти).
• Неправильный глагол: have - has (иметь).

▪️Мы используем Present Simple:

Для привычек или действий, которые мы повторяем регулярно:

• I wash my hair every day.
• I never go to the library.
• I go to the library on Saturdays.

Постоянные ситуации или вещи, которые всегда или часто являются правдой:

• She’s very tall.
• I don’t drink coffee.
• I have two brothers.
• Water boils at 100 degrees.
• I like soup.

| Grammar exercise

1. Трансформируйте предложения в отрицательные:

EXAMPLE: I love pizza. ⇒ I don’t love pizza.

They play tennis. ⇒ They ________ tennis.

She gets home late. ⇒ She ________ home late.

Anna and Paul live in the center. ⇒ Anna and Paul ________ in the center.

2. Составьте вопросительные предложения в Present Simple:

EXAMPLE: Peter / drive / a fast car. ⇒ Does Peter drive a fast car?

What time / Suzan / start work ⇒ What time ________ ?

Where / she / work ⇒ Where ________ ?

you / listen to music ⇒ ________ ?

he / watch / series ⇒ ?

3. Заполните пропуски глаголами в скобках в Present Simple в утвердительной или отрицательной форме.

Sara is my daughter. She has (have) two daughters; they are my granddaughters. Sara ________ (not have) much free time because she ________ (work) in a shop. In the week, she ________ (get up) very early and she ________ (go) to bed quite late every day. She ________ (love) Sundays because she ________ (not work) and she ________ (spend) the day with her family. On Sundays, they ________ (not get up) very late because they always ________ (go out). My granddaughters ________ (be) always sad on Sunday evenings because it's the end of the weekend.

4. Послушайте и отметьте предложение, которое вы слышите.

1) a He likes his job. b She likes her job.

2) a She loves walking. b She loves working.

3) a He's married. b He isn't married.

4) a Does she have three children? b Does he have three children?

5) a What does he do? b Where does he go?

| Grammar exercise - answers

1. don't play; doesn't get; don't live.
2. does Suzan start work; does she work; Do you listen to music; Does he watch series
3. doesn’t have; works; gets up; goes; loves; doesn't work; spends; don't get up; go out; are.
4. a b b b b