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Painting therapy is difficult to compete with music therapy in physical diseases, but it has special functions in psychological diseases. Because human psychological activities are mostly visual, and various traumatic psychological barriers are often suppressed to the unconscious, forming "complex", which are difficult to be expressed in daily language; With the symbolic language of painting, it can express, express and integrate excellently, thus achieving the therapeutic effect. Painting therapy is especially suitable for patients who cannot or do not want to talk, such as hearing loss, mental retardation, brain damage, autism, and resistance to language. It is suitable for the treatment of painting therapy and has obvious curative effects, such as eating disorder, substance abuse, divisive personality disorder, abnormal sexual behavior and so on. Especially for children with intense emotions and difficulty in control, painting therapy has a great advantage over other therapies.
Painting therapy generally adopts two methods: "spontaneous painting" and thematic painting under the guidance of physicians. The former is of great diagnostic value and can be regarded as a result of "Rorschach inkblot test" commonly used in psychiatric diagnosis in the 1920s and 1930s. According to the literature, it is better for a skilled physician to use a painting to diagnose mental disorders than to use a "CT" or "psychometric scale". Patients, on the other hand, can look at themselves through painting, correct distorted self, improve social communication skills, enhance identity, and promote mental health and growth.
Other mature art therapies include psychological drama, sculpture therapy, story therapy, etc. At present, the most promising art therapy is "film and television" therapy, which USES modern advanced image art to create highly realistic situations and obtain specific treatment effects. For example, greater progress has been made in helping patients overcome various phobias. Art therapy, also from the early "one-to-one", gradually adopted "collective therapy", namely the establishment of "art therapy group" to achieve the resonance effect. Treatment environment is gradually developed from neutral and free from external interference, such as hospitals and clinics, into the family and daily living environment for treatment.
In early 1992, the first international art medicine conference was held in New York. As the declaration stated, "art medicine has entered a new historical stage." It can be said that art therapy is more and more systematic and perfect in technical aspects, but the theoretical basis is still relatively weak. Conventional medicine is based on the practical disciplines of physiology and biochemistry, while the main theoretical basis of art medicine is art and psychology. Therefore, in this field, there are many literatures about operation technology, but few literatures discuss it theoretically. It is generally believed that art can be an effective treatment for psychological and physical diseases, mainly because it can help people to transcend the survival dilemma from the spirit, meet the needs of affinity, and reconcile with the world and "non-self" on the unconscious level. And can optimize the personality structure, get the meaning of life and life sense of value. The most immediately observable effect is to improve the emotional state, using "suspension" and "displacement" to channel the mental and physical energy of various disorders caused by negative information. Thus, in the individual limited existence, urges the potential positive development, enables the individual to maintain the mental and physical health. Of course, art therapy still has a long way to go to become a widely used medical technology.
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留学生的日常自然是少不了各种Essay作业写到手软。今天essayquality就为大家整理了最常见的Essay类型以及写作方法,希望大家看完之后对Essay作业能有一个更清晰准确的了解!
和国内一切都是以考试分数说了算不同,在欧美校园,决定你最终成绩的重要因素可不只是考试分数,Essay也占了相当大的比重。常见的Essay类型有以下几类:
-Research Paper 研究论文
-Literature Review 文献综述
-Annotated Bibliography附注书目
-Case Study 案例究
-Lab Report 实验报告
Research Essay研究论文写作方法
Research Paper不是议论文,而是要求作者对某一个问题或者现象进入深入的分析、思考,并且得出一个有意义的结论。一篇优秀的Research Paper需要由可靠地、具有学术的、权威的数据来支持。 在查找文献的时候,我们建议大家充分利用学校图书馆的资源,引用书籍或者是期刊文章来支持你的观点。还有一点需要提醒大家,通常一个研究课题都有对立的两面。如果你持有的是正方的观点,收集材料的时候也需要关注反方的观点,并且在论文当中呈现这一方面。
下图为Research Paper常用的Outline,供大家参考。大家在收集文献材料和写作Research Paper的时候都可以以它作为依据:
悉尼论文代写 research paper outline
Literature Review 文献综述写作方法
Literature Review 文献综述,是对某一主题的参考文献资料进行分析,并且带着批判的眼光来归纳和评论文献,阐述主题的历史背景、研究现状和未来发展方向。在写作Literature Review的时候,应该注意判断同一主题文献之间的相互关系,并且通过对参考文献的整理和分析,提出该主题研究领域所存在的Gap,阐明未来的发展方向。
通常Literature Review的写作步骤如下图所示:
悉尼论文代写 literarure review写作方式
Annotated Bibliography 附录书目写作方法
Annotated Bibliography的中文翻译是带有注释的参考书目。它通常是某一篇paper的准备工作。比如你有一门课,在期末需要交一篇长论文,那么在学期当中,老师会把分别布置好几个小的Assignment,来为你最后的大Paper做准备。Annotated Bibliography就是非常重要的一步准备工作。
Annotated Bibliography的写作有两部分组成:Annotation和Bibliography。Bibliography实际上就是一篇论文的Work Cited或者Reference,文献列表。在文献列表的基础上我们需要添加注释(Annotations),注释的内容包括对文献的总结以及评论。总结就是客观简单的说明文献的主要内容;评论需要讨论该文献的可信度和该文献对你论文的作用。
悉尼论文代写 annotated bibliography
Case Study 案例研究写作方法
Case Study是商科Essay中非常常见的一种作业形式。写作Case Study,要求你仔细研究案例的各个方面,判断这个Case所存在的问题,指出你对于所存在问题的看法,并且提供解决这个问题的方案和建议。
Case Study的写作要求你必须学会灵活运用课堂上所学到的知识,你所提出的解决方案必须有有力的证据来支持,并且是具体而且现实的。案例研究报告有特定的写作格式,通常还需要包含一个摘要。
以下是Case Study常用的Outline:
Executive Summary.
Situation Analysis:
-Strength
-Weakness
-Opportunity
-Threat
Problems found in situation analysis:
-Primary problems
-Secondary problems
Strategic alternatives for solving problems.
Selection of strategic alternative and implementation:
-Statement of the selected strategy
-Justification for selected strategy
-Implementation the strategy.
Conclusion and recommendation.
Appendix.
Lab Report 实验报告写作方法
Lab Report实验报告是理工科常见的Essay作业类型。其写作最重要的原则就是尊重事实,并且应该采用被动语气和第三人称来书写。
一般来说,Lab Report的结构如下:
摘要 (Abstract ):简述实验目的,方法和结论。长度为一段。注意要简洁。
引言(Introduction):引言陈述问题和研究的用途,提出实验目的。
实验方法(Method):说明实验如何设计,解释为何这样的设计对该实验是合理的。详细说明实验如何实施,使用了哪些材料。确认你将所有细微末节都列出。
实验结果 (Result ):陈述实验结果,最重要的原则就是尊重实。
讨论 (Discussion ):讨论实验结果存在的意义。
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