March 11, 2019
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1. # Tetromino (a Tetris clone) 2. # By Al Sweigart [email protected] 3. # http://inventwithpython.com/pygame 4. # Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0 US 5. 6. import random, time, pygame, sys 7. from pygame.locals import * 8. 9. FPS = 25 10. WINDOWWIDTH = 640 11. WINDOWHEIGHT = 480 12. BOXSIZE = 20 13. BOARDWIDTH = 10 14. BOARDHEIGHT = 20 15. BLANK = '.' 16. 17. MOVESIDEWAYSFREQ = 0.15 18. MOVEDOWNFREQ = 0.1 19. 20. XMARGIN = int((WINDOWWIDTH - BOARDWIDTH * BOXSIZE) / 2) 21. TOPMARGIN = WINDOWHEIGHT - (BOARDHEIGHT * BOXSIZE) - 5 22. 23. # R G B 24. WHITE = (255, 255, 255) 25. GRAY = (185, 185, 185) 26. BLACK = ( 0, 0, 0) 27. RED = (155, 0, 0) 28. LIGHTRED = (175, 20, 20) 29. GREEN = ( 0, 155, 0) 30. LIGHTGREEN = ( 20, 175, 20) 31. BLUE = ( 0, 0, 155) 32. LIGHTBLUE = ( 20, 20, 175) 33. YELLOW = (155, 155, 0) 34. LIGHTYELLOW = (175, 175, 20) 35. 36. BORDERCOLOR = BLUE 37. BGCOLOR = BLACK 38. TEXTCOLOR = WHITE 39. TEXTSHADOWCOLOR = GRAY 40. COLORS = ( BLUE, GREEN, RED, YELLOW) 41. LIGHTCOLORS = (LIGHTBLUE, LIGHTGREEN, LIGHTRED, LIGHTYELLOW) 42. assert len(COLORS) == len(LIGHTCOLORS) # each color must have light color 43. 44. TEMPLATEWIDTH = 5 45. TEMPLATEHEIGHT = 5 46. 47. S_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....', 48. '.....', 49. '..OO.', 50. '.OO..', 51. '.....'], 52. ['.....', 53. '..O..', 54. '..OO.', 55. '...O.', 56. '.....']] 57. 58. Z_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....', 59. '.....', 60. '.OO..', 61. '..OO.', 62. '.....'], 63. ['.....', 64. '..O..', 65. '.OO..', 66. '.O...', 67. '.....']] 68. 69. I_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['..O..', 70. '..O..', 71. '..O..', 72. '..O..', 73. '.....'], 74. ['.....', 75. '.....', 76. 'OOOO.', 77. '.....', 78. '.....']] 79. 80. O_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....', 81. '.....', 82. '.OO..', 83. '.OO..', 84. '.....']] 85. 86. J_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....', 87. '.O...', 88. '.OOO.', 89. '.....', 90. '.....'], 91. ['.....', 92. '..OO.', 93. '..O..', 94. '..O..', 95. '.....'], 96. ['.....', 97. '.....', 98. '.OOO.', 99. '...O.', 100. '.....'], 101. ['.....', 102. '..O..', 103. '..O..', 104. '.OO..', 105. '.....']] 106. 107. L_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....', 108. '...O.', 109. '.OOO.', 110. '.....', 111. '.....'], 112. ['.....', 113. '..O..', 114. '..O..', 115. '..OO.', 116. '.....'], 117. ['.....', 118. '.....', 119. '.OOO.', 120. '.O...', 121. '.....'], 122. ['.....', 123. '.OO..', 124. '..O..', 125. '..O..', 126. '.....']] 127. 128. T_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....', 129. '..O..', 130. '.OOO.', 131. '.....', 132. '.....'], 133. ['.....', 134. '..O..', 135. '..OO.', 136. '..O..', 137. '.....'], 138. ['.....', 139. '.....', 140. '.OOO.', 141. '..O..', 142. '.....'], 143. ['.....', 144. '..O..', 145. '.OO..', 146. '..O..', 147. '.....']] 148. 149. SHAPES = {'S': S_SHAPE_TEMPLATE, 150. 'Z': Z_SHAPE_TEMPLATE, 151. 'J': J_SHAPE_TEMPLATE, 152. 'L': L_SHAPE_TEMPLATE, 153. 'I': I_SHAPE_TEMPLATE, 154. 'O': O_SHAPE_TEMPLATE, 155. 'T': T_SHAPE_TEMPLATE} 156. 157. 158. def main(): 159. global FPSCLOCK, DISPLAYSURF, BASICFONT, BIGFONT 160. pygame.init() 161. FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock() 162. DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH, WINDOWHEIGHT)) 163. BASICFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 18) 164. BIGFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100) 165. pygame.display.set_caption('Tetromino') 166. 167. showTextScreen('Tetromino') 168. while True: # game loop 169. if random.randint(0, 1) == 0: 170. pygame.mixer.music.load('tetrisb.mid') 171. else: 172. pygame.mixer.music.load('tetrisc.mid') 173. pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0) 174. runGame() 175. pygame.mixer.music.stop() 176. showTextScreen('Game Over') 177. 178. 179. def runGame(): 180. # setup variables for the start of the game 181. board = getBlankBoard() 182. lastMoveDownTime = time.time() 183. lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time() 184. lastFallTime = time.time() 185. movingDown = False # note: there is no movingUp variable 186. movingLeft = False 187. movingRight = False 188. score = 0 189. level, fallFreq = calculateLevelAndFallFreq(score) 190. 191. fallingPiece = getNewPiece() 192. nextPiece = getNewPiece() 193. 194. while True: # main game loop 195. if fallingPiece == None: 196. # No falling piece in play, so start a new piece at the top 197. fallingPiece = nextPiece 198. nextPiece = getNewPiece() 199. lastFallTime = time.time() # reset lastFallTime 200. 201. if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece): 202. return # can't fit a new piece on the board, so game over 203. 204. checkForQuit() 205. for event in pygame.event.get(): # event handling loop 206. if event.type == KEYUP: 207. if (event.key == K_p): 208. # Pausing the game 209. DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR) 210. pygame.mixer.music.stop() 211. showTextScreen('Paused') # pause until a key press 212. pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0) 213. lastFallTime = time.time() 214. lastMoveDownTime = time.time() 215. lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time() 216. elif (event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == K_a): 217. movingLeft = False 218. elif (event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == K_d): 219. movingRight = False 220. elif (event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == K_s): 221. movingDown = False 222. 223. elif event.type == KEYDOWN: 224. # moving the block sideways 225. if (event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == K_a) and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=-1): 226. fallingPiece['x'] -= 1 227. movingLeft = True 228. movingRight = False 229. lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time() 230. 231. elif (event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == K_d) and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=1): 232. fallingPiece['x'] += 1 233. movingRight = True 234. movingLeft = False 235. lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time() 236. 237. # rotating the block (if there is room to rotate) 238. elif (event.key == K_UP or event.key == K_w): 239. fallingPiece['rotation'] = (fallingPiece['rotation'] + 1) % len(SHAPES[fallingPiece['shape']]) 240. if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece): 241. fallingPiece['rotation'] = (fallingPiece['rotation'] - 1) % len(SHAPES[fallingPiece['shape']]) 242. elif (event.key == K_q): # rotate the other direction 243. fallingPiece['rotation'] = (fallingPiece['rotation'] - 1) % len(SHAPES[fallingPiece['shape']]) 244. if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece): 245. fallingPiece['rotation'] = (fallingPiece['rotation'] + 1) % len(SHAPES[fallingPiece['shape']]) 246. 247. # making the block fall faster with the down key 248. elif (event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == K_s): 249. movingDown = True 250. if isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=1): 251. fallingPiece['y'] += 1 252. lastMoveDownTime = time.time() 253. 254. # move the current block all the way down 255. elif event.key == K_SPACE: 256. movingDown = False 257. movingLeft = False 258. movingRight = False 259. for i in range(1, BOARDHEIGHT): 260. if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=i): 261. break 262. fallingPiece['y'] += i - 1 263. 264. # handle moving the block because of user input 265. if (movingLeft or movingRight) and time.time() - lastMoveSidewaysTime > MOVESIDEWAYSFREQ: 266. if movingLeft and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=-1): 267. fallingPiece['x'] -= 1 268. elif movingRight and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=1): 269. fallingPiece['x'] += 1 270. lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time() 271. 272. if movingDown and time.time() - lastMoveDownTime > MOVEDOWNFREQ and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=1): 273. fallingPiece['y'] += 1 274. lastMoveDownTime = time.time() 275. 276. # let the piece fall if it is time to fall 277. if time.time() - lastFallTime > fallFreq: 278. # see if the piece has landed 279. if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=1): 280. # falling piece has landed, set it on the board 281. addToBoard(board, fallingPiece) 282. score += removeCompleteLines(board) 283. level, fallFreq = calculateLevelAndFallFreq(score) 284. fallingPiece = None 285. else: 286. # piece did not land, just move the block down 287. fallingPiece['y'] += 1 288. lastFallTime = time.time() 289. 290. # drawing everything on the screen 291. DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR) 292. drawBoard(board) 293. drawStatus(score, level) 294. drawNextPiece(nextPiece) 295. if fallingPiece != None: 296. drawPiece(fallingPiece) 297. 298. pygame.display.update() 299. FPSCLOCK.tick(FPS) 300. 301. 302. def makeTextObjs(text, font, color): 303. surf = font.render(text, True, color) 304. return surf, surf.get_rect() 305. 306. 307. def terminate(): 308. pygame.quit() 309. sys.exit() 310. 311. 312. def checkForKeyPress(): 313. # Go through event queue looking for a KEYUP event. 314. # Grab KEYDOWN events to remove them from the event queue. 315. checkForQuit() 316. 317. for event in pygame.event.get([KEYDOWN, KEYUP]): 318. if event.type == KEYDOWN: 319. continue 320. return event.key 321. return None 322. 323. 324. def showTextScreen(text): 325. # This function displays large text in the 326. # center of the screen until a key is pressed. 327. # Draw the text drop shadow 328. titleSurf, titleRect = makeTextObjs(text, BIGFONT, TEXTSHADOWCOLOR) 329. titleRect.center = (int(WINDOWWIDTH / 2), int(WINDOWHEIGHT / 2)) 330. DISPLAYSURF.blit(titleSurf, titleRect) 331. 332. # Draw the text 333. titleSurf, titleRect = makeTextObjs(text, BIGFONT, TEXTCOLOR) 334. titleRect.center = (int(WINDOWWIDTH / 2) - 3, int(WINDOWHEIGHT / 2) - 3) 335. DISPLAYSURF.blit(titleSurf, titleRect) 336. 337. # Draw the additional "Press a key to play." text. 338. pressKeySurf, pressKeyRect = makeTextObjs('Press a key to play.', BASICFONT, TEXTCOLOR) 339. pressKeyRect.center = (int(WINDOWWIDTH / 2), int(WINDOWHEIGHT / 2) + 100) 340. DISPLAYSURF.blit(pressKeySurf, pressKeyRect) 341. 342. while checkForKeyPress() == None: 343. pygame.display.update() 344. FPSCLOCK.tick() 345. 346. 347. def checkForQuit(): 348. for event in pygame.event.get(QUIT): # get all the QUIT events 349. terminate() # terminate if any QUIT events are present 350. for event in pygame.event.get(KEYUP): # get all the KEYUP events 351. if event.key == K_ESCAPE: 352. terminate() # terminate if the KEYUP event was for the Esc key 353. pygame.event.post(event) # put the other KEYUP event objects back 354. 355. 356. def calculateLevelAndFallFreq(score): 357. # Based on the score, return the level the player is on and 358. # how many seconds pass until a falling piece falls one space. 359. level = int(score / 10) + 1 360. fallFreq = 0.27 - (level * 0.02) 361. return level, fallFreq 362. 363. def getNewPiece(): 364. # return a random new piece in a random rotation and color 365. shape = random.choice(list(SHAPES.keys())) 366. newPiece = {'shape': shape, 367. 'rotation': random.randint(0, len(SHAPES[shape]) - 1), 368. 'x': int(BOARDWIDTH / 2) - int(TEMPLATEWIDTH / 2), 369. 'y': -2, # start it above the board (i.e. less than 0) 370. 'color': random.randint(0, len(COLORS)-1)} 371. return newPiece 372. 373. 374. def addToBoard(board, piece): 375. # fill in the board based on piece's location, shape, and rotation 376. for x in range(TEMPLATEWIDTH): 377. for y in range(TEMPLATEHEIGHT): 378. if SHAPES[piece['shape']][piece['rotation']][y][x] != BLANK: 379. board[x + piece['x']][y + piece['y']] = piece['color'] 380. 381. 382. def getBlankBoard(): 383. # create and return a new blank board data structure 384. board = [] 385. for i in range(BOARDWIDTH): 386. board.append([BLANK] * BOARDHEIGHT) 387. return board 388. 389. 390. def isOnBoard(x, y): 391. return x >= 0 and x < BOARDWIDTH and y < BOARDHEIGHT 392. 393. 394. def isValidPosition(board, piece, adjX=0, adjY=0): 395. # Return True if the piece is within the board and not colliding 396. for x in range(TEMPLATEWIDTH): 397. for y in range(TEMPLATEHEIGHT): 398. isAboveBoard = y + piece['y'] + adjY < 0 399. if isAboveBoard or SHAPES[piece['shape']][piece['rotation']][y][x] == BLANK: 400. continue 401. if not isOnBoard(x + piece['x'] + adjX, y + piece['y'] + adjY): 402. return False 403. if board[x + piece['x'] + adjX][y + piece['y'] + adjY] != BLANK: 404. return False 405. return True 406. 407. def isCompleteLine(board, y): 408. # Return True if the line filled with boxes with no gaps. 409. for x in range(BOARDWIDTH): 410. if board[x][y] == BLANK: 411. return False 412. return True 413. 414. 415. def removeCompleteLines(board): 416. # Remove any completed lines on the board, move everything above them down, and return the number of complete lines. 417. numLinesRemoved = 0 418. y = BOARDHEIGHT - 1 # start y at the bottom of the board 419. while y >= 0: 420. if isCompleteLine(board, y): 421. # Remove the line and pull boxes down by one line. 422. for pullDownY in range(y, 0, -1): 423. for x in range(BOARDWIDTH): 424. board[x][pullDownY] = board[x][pullDownY-1] 425. # Set very top line to blank. 426. for x in range(BOARDWIDTH): 427. board[x][0] = BLANK 428. numLinesRemoved += 1 429. # Note on the next iteration of the loop, y is the same. 430. # This is so that if the line that was pulled down is also 431. # complete, it will be removed. 432. else: 433. y -= 1 # move on to check next row up 434. return numLinesRemoved 435. 436. 437. def convertToPixelCoords(boxx, boxy): 438. # Convert the given xy coordinates of the board to xy 439. # coordinates of the location on the screen. 440. return (XMARGIN + (boxx * BOXSIZE)), (TOPMARGIN + (boxy * BOXSIZE)) 441. 442. 443. def drawBox(boxx, boxy, color, pixelx=None, pixely=None): 444. # draw a single box (each tetromino piece has four boxes) 445. # at xy coordinates on the board. Or, if pixelx & pixely 446. # are specified, draw to the pixel coordinates stored in 447. # pixelx & pixely (this is used for the "Next" piece). 448. if color == BLANK: 449. return 450. if pixelx == None and pixely == None: 451. pixelx, pixely = convertToPixelCoords(boxx, boxy) 452. pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, COLORS[color], (pixelx + 1, pixely + 1, BOXSIZE - 1, BOXSIZE - 1)) 453. pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, LIGHTCOLORS[color], (pixelx + 1, pixely + 1, BOXSIZE - 4, BOXSIZE - 4)) 454. 455. 456. def drawBoard(board): 457. # draw the border around the board 458. pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, BORDERCOLOR, (XMARGIN - 3, TOPMARGIN - 7, (BOARDWIDTH * BOXSIZE) + 8, (BOARDHEIGHT * BOXSIZE) + 8), 5) 459. 460. # fill the background of the board 461. pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, BGCOLOR, (XMARGIN, TOPMARGIN, BOXSIZE * BOARDWIDTH, BOXSIZE * BOARDHEIGHT)) 462. # draw the individual boxes on the board 463. for x in range(BOARDWIDTH): 464. for y in range(BOARDHEIGHT): 465. drawBox(x, y, board[x][y]) 466. 467. 468. def drawStatus(score, level): 469. # draw the score text 470. scoreSurf = BASICFONT.render('Score: %s' % score, True, TEXTCOLOR) 471. scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect() 472. scoreRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 150, 20) 473. DISPLAYSURF.blit(scoreSurf, scoreRect) 474. 475. # draw the level text 476. levelSurf = BASICFONT.render('Level: %s' % level, True, TEXTCOLOR) 477. levelRect = levelSurf.get_rect() 478. levelRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 150, 50) 479. DISPLAYSURF.blit(levelSurf, levelRect) 480. 481. 482. def drawPiece(piece, pixelx=None, pixely=None): 483. shapeToDraw = SHAPES[piece['shape']][piece['rotation']] 484. if pixelx == None and pixely == None: 485. # if pixelx & pixely hasn't been specified, use the location stored in the piece data structure 486. pixelx, pixely = convertToPixelCoords(piece['x'], piece['y']) 487. 488. # draw each of the blocks that make up the piece 489. for x in range(TEMPLATEWIDTH): 490. for y in range(TEMPLATEHEIGHT): 491. if shapeToDraw[y][x] != BLANK: 492. drawBox(None, None, piece['color'], pixelx + (x * BOXSIZE), pixely + (y * BOXSIZE)) 493. 494. 495. def drawNextPiece(piece): 496. # draw the "next" text 497. nextSurf = BASICFONT.render('Next:', True, TEXTCOLOR) 498. nextRect = nextSurf.get_rect() 499. nextRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 120, 80) 500. DISPLAYSURF.blit(nextSurf, nextRect) 501. # draw the "next" piece 502. drawPiece(piece, pixelx=WINDOWWIDTH-120, pixely=100) 503. 504. 505. if __name__ == '__main__': 506. main()
March 11, 2019, 11:52
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