NUMBERS

1.Number types

• Integer - butun sonlar
• Float - kars sonlar

2.Syntax of writing numbers

let number1 = 100; // oddiy ko'rinishi
let number2 = 100_000_000; // for view 
let number3 = 100e6; // 100 ni orqasida nechta 0 borligini bildiradi
let number4 = 1234e-1; // bitta vergul orqaga yuradi 123.4
console.log(number1);
console.log(number2);
console.log(number3);
console.log(number4);

3. Number to String and String to Number

//typeof
let number1 = "123.4";
console.log(typeof number1);

// string to number
//1.with Number
let number1 = "321.3";
console.log(Number(number1);

//2.with +
let number1 ="321.3";
console.log(+number1);

//3.pasreInt and pasreFloat
let number1 = "321.3";
console.log(parseInt(number1));// bu faqat integer qismini chiqaradi

let number1 = "321.3";
console.log(parseFloat(number1)); // bu esa Float qismini chiqaradi

Differences

let number1 = "321a.3";
console.log(Number(number1);

let number2 = "321a.3";
console.log(+number2)

let number3 = "321a.3";
console.log(parseInt(number3));

let number4 = "321a.3"; 
console.log(parseFloat(number4));

4.Hex and binary numbers

• Binary number: 0 va 1 dan tashkil topgan raqamlar ya'ni 2 lik sanoq sistemasi va komputer sistemasi shu 2 lik sanoq sistemasi bilan ishlaydi.
• Hex numbers: 16 lik sanoq sistemasida ishlatiladigan raqamlar ya'ni biz ishlatadigan raqamlardan tashkil topgan.

// 1=0001;
// 2=0010;
// 3=0011;
// 4=0100;
// 5=0101;

Binary to Hex

console.log(parseInt("0011",2)); // 0011 is binary, 2 means to change 

Hex to Binary

let number = 4;
console.log(number.toString(2))

5.Math library

• .PI -3.14;
• abs()-absolute value;
• floor()-kasr qismini pastga qarab yaxlilaydi;
• ceil()-kasr qismnini tepaga qarab yaxlitlaydi;
• round()-yaxlitlash, kasr qismi 5 va undan yuqori bo'lsa yuqoriga aks xolda pastga yaxlitlaydi;
• trunc()-kars qismini tushurib qoldiradi;
• random()-1~0 orasidagi tasodifiy raqamni chiqaradi;
• min(numbers)-sonlar orasidan minimalini topib beradi;
• max(numbers)-sonlar orasidan maximalini topib beradi;
• toFixed()- kasr qismini olib tashlaydi va qavs ichiga butun qismdan keyin nechta kasr qismini ko'rsatishishi kiritsa bo'ladi
• toPrecision()- bunda qavs ichiga nechta raqam qolishini kiritishingiz mumkin, toFixedda butun qismdan keyin nechta raqam qolishini kiritsak bunda umumiy sondan nechta raqam qolishini kiritsak boladi
• pow(number, pow)-darajaga ko'taradi; *qavs ichidagi pow necchi dajaraga ko'tarishni bildiradi;
• trunc vs floor? // test with negative
• sign(number) - returns 0,1,-1 ;
• sqrt()-kvadrat ildiz;
• cbrt()-kub ildiz;

Endi bularni example larini ko'ramiz

//.PI()
console.log(Math.PI); // pi ya'ni 3.14;

//abs()
let number1= -15;
let number2= 15
console.log(Math.abs(number1));
console.log(Math.abs(number2)); 

//round()
let number1= 23.43; 
let number2= 23.56; 
console.log(Math.round(number1)); //23
console.log(Math.round(number2)); //24
 
//floor()
let number1=23.12;
let number2=23.59;
console.log(Math.floor(number1)); //23
console.log(Math.floor(number2));

//ceil()
let number1=12.23;
let number2=12.55;
console.log(Math.ceil(number1));
console.log(Math.ceil(number2));

//trunc()
let number1=12.23;
let number2=12.96;
console.log(Math.trunc(number1));
console.log(Math.trunc(number2));

//random()
console.log(Math.random()); // 0 dan 1 gacha random raqam
console.log(Math.random()*10); // 0 dan 10 gacha random raqam
console.log(parseInt(Math.random()*10));//0dan 10gacha random raqam (int)
console.log(parseInt(Math.random()*100)); // 0 dan 100gacha 
//min() and max()
console.log(Math.min(1,54,65,3,5,64,2,24));
console.log(Math.max(1,54,65,3,5,64,2,24));

//toFixed()
let number1=12.5;
console.log(number1.toFixed()); // bu qismda kasr qismini olib tashlaydi
console.log(number1.toFixed(2)); // butun qismdan so'ng 2ta kars qism 

//toPrecision()
let number1=12.456;
console.log(number1.toPrecision(2)); // umumiy sondan 2ta raqamni qoldiradi
//sqrt() and cbrt()
console.log(Math.sqrt(9));
console.log(Math.cbrt(8));