Infinitiv shakllari
▪️ Infinitiv gapdagi mazmuniga qarab 6 ta shaklda keladi. Infinitivda davomiy infinitivlar qo'shilganligi sababli, gerundiyga qaraganda 2 ta ko'p shaklga ega. Quyidagi jadvalda to do fe'lining infinitiv shakllari va qavs ichida ularning nisbati berilgan.
1. Simple infinitive (active) - to do
🔸I need to do this exercise. (Men bu mashqni bajarishim kerak)
2. Simple continuous infinitive (active)- to be doing
▪️ Davomiy infinitiv davom etib turgan ish-harakatni bildirib to pretend/seem fe'llaridan keyin qoʻllaniladi.
🔸When I saw him, he pretended to be reading a book. (Uni koʻrganimda, u oʻzini kitob oʻqiyotgandek koʻrsatdi)
3. Simple infinitive (passive) - to be done
▪️ Majhul nisbatdagi infinitiv ish-harakat bajaruvchisi noma'lum yoki ahamiyatsiz ekanligini koʻrsatadi.
🔸This work needs to be done. (Bu ish bajarilishi kerak - kim bajarishi ahamiyati yoq )
4. Perfect infinitive (active) - to have done
▪️ Perfekt infinitiv infinitivda ifodalangan ish-harakat tugallanganligi yoki ancha oldin sodir boʻlganligini koʻrsatadi.
🔸You seem to have lost weight. (Siz ozgan koʻrinasiz.)
5. Perfect continuous infinitive (active) - to have been doing
▪️ Infinitivning Perfect continuous infinitive tugallangan davomiylikni bildirib keladi.
🔸You are tired. Was it hard to have been running all morning? (Siz charchabsiz. Butun ertalab yugurib yurish qiyin boldimi?)
6. Perfect infinitive (passive) - to have been done
▪️ Perfect infinitive (passive) o'tgan zamondagi majhul nisbatdagi voqea-hodisalar uchun boshqa fe'llardan keyin ishlatiladi.
🔸This book is thought to have been written in 15th century. (Bu kitob 15-asrda yozilgan deb taxmin qilinadi.)
Muallif: Khamdambek Atajanov
O’zbekiston Yoshlar ittifoqi tashabbusi bilan tashkil etilgan "Masofaviy ta’lim" Telegram kanali.