prefer/would rather/would sooner

✳️ to prefer - afzal koʻrmoq fe'li oʻzidan keyin ham gerundiy, ham to + infinitive bilan qoʻllanishi mumkin. Ammo fe'llarning ishlatilish qurilmasida ozgina farq bor.
1. prefer doing something TO doing something else
🔸 I prefer driving to traveling by train. (Men poyezdda sayohat qilishdan mashinada ketishni afzal koʻraman.)
2. prefer to do something RATHER THAN do something else
🔸I prefer to drive rather than travel by train. (Men poyezdda sayohat qilishdan mashinada ketishni afzal koʻraman.)

⚠️ Ammo would prefer dan keyin har doim to + infinitive qoʻllaniladi.
🔸 I would prefer to stay at home rather than go to the cinema.

✳️ would rather birikmasi ham ma'no jihatdan would prefer ga oʻxshaydi, ammo undan keyin bare infinitive (to'siz infinitive) qoʻllanishi kerak.
🔸Shall we go by train?
▫️ No, I would prefer to go by car.
▫️ No, I would rather go by car.

✳️ Inkor shakli would rather not + bare infinitive qurilmasida qoʻllaniladi.
🔸I would rather not go out today. I'm tired. (Bugun ko'chga chiqmayman. Men charchaganman)

✳️ would rather fe'lining qurilmasiga e'tibor bering.
▫️ would rather do something THAN do something else
🔸I would rather stay at home than go out today.

✳️ Oʻtgan zamonda amalga oshmagan istaklar uchun esa would rather + perfect infinitive qoʻllaniladi.
🔸 Yesterday I had to stay at home. But I would rather have gone to the cinema. (Kecha men uyda qo'lishimga to'g'ri keldi. Lekin kinoteatrga borishni xohlagandim)

✳️ would rather qurilmasining yana bir o'ziga xos qo'llanish holati mavjud. Agar biz birovning biror ish-harakat amalga oshirishini yoki qilmasligini xohlasak, va buni muloyim tarzda bildirmoqchi bo'lsak, quyidagi qurilma qoʻllaniladi:
▫️ I would rather you/Tom/they+oʻtgan zamon
🔸Shall I stay here? (Shu yerda qolaymi?)
▫️ I would rather you came with us. (Menimcha, biz bilan kelganingiz yaxshi)
🔸Shall I tell them the news? (Ularga yangiliklarni aytaymi?)
▫️ I would rather you didn't. (Menimcha, aytmaganingiz ma'qul)

⚠️ Yuqoridagi gaplarda oʻtgan zamon qoʻllansada, ish-harakat amalga oshishi hozirgi yoki kelasi zamonga tegishli boʻladi.
🔸 I would rather you cooked the dinner now.

✳️ would sooner + bare infinitive qurilmasi ham would rather kabi ma'noda va qurilmalarda ishlatiladi.
🔸 I would sooner give up sleep than miss my evening class.
🔸 I would sooner not talk about it now.
🔸I would sooner he didn 't know about it till I've talked to Pete.

Muallif: Khamdambek Atajanov

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