13. Verb अस् (to be, to exist) 

The verb अस् (to be, to exist) has three third-person forms in the present tense.

• अस्ति (third person, singular) is
• स्तः (third person, dual) two are
• सन्ति (third person, plural) are

Singular Number

अयं वृक्षः अस्ति।

ayaṃ vṛkṣaḥ asti This is a tree.

इयं माला अस्ति।

iyaṃ mālā asti This is a garland.

इदं फलम् अस्ति।

idaṃ phalam asti This is a fruit.

Dual Number

इमौ वृक्षौ स्तः।

imau vṛkṣau staḥ These are two trees.

इमे माले स्तः।

ime māle staḥ These are two garlands.

इमे फले स्तः।

ime phale staḥ These are two fruits.

Plural Number

इमे वृक्षाः सन्ति।

ime vṛkṣāḥ santi These are trees.

इमाः मालाः सन्ति।

imāḥ mālāḥ santi These are garlands.

इमानि फलानि सन्ति।

imāni phalāni santi These are fruits.