Stroke-Symptoms, Causes and treatment
A stroke occurs when blood supply to brain decreases leading to decrease in oxygen due to a blockage or bleed of the blood vessels .The rupture or blockage prevents blood and oxygen from reaching the brain’s tissues ultimately it begins to die.
Stroke may be a cerebrovascular disease. this suggests that it affects the blood vessels that feed the brain oxygen. If the brain doesn't receive enough oxygen, damage may start to occur.This is a medical emergency. Although many strokes are treatable, some can cause disability or death.
What Are The Symptoms of Stroke?
- Difficulty in speaking and understanding what others say. There is confusion, slur in the speech
- PARALYSIS- you'll develop sudden numbness, weakness or paralysis in your face, arm or leg. . attempt to raise both your arms over your head at an equivalent time. Also, one side of your mouth may droop once you attempt to smile.
- PROBLEMS seeing in one or both eyes. you'll suddenly have blurred or blackened vision in one or both eyes, otherwise you may even see double.
- HEADACHE will be sudden , severe , dizziness or altered consciousness, may indicate that you're having a stroke.
- TROUBLE WALKING you'll stumble or lose your balance. you'll even have sudden dizziness or a loss of coordination.
A stroke requires immediate medical attention. Medications are prescribed to dissolve clot or stop bleeding. You can buy medication online. Prompt treatment is vital to preventing the subsequent outcomes:
- brain damage
- long-term disability
- death
Stroke can cause long-term health problems counting on the speed of the diagnosis and treatment, an individual can experience temporary or permanent disabilities after a stroke.
Some people can also experience:
- bladder or bowel control problems
- depression
- one side of body is affected
- difficulty controlling or expressing their emotions
What are the Risk Factors?
Many factors can increase your stroke risk. Potentially treatable stroke risk factors include:
- Lifestyle
- Being overweight or obese
- Physical inactivity
- Heavy or binge drinking
- Using illegal drugs
- Medical risk factors
- High blood pressure
- Cigarette smoking or secondhand smoke exposure
- High cholesterol
- Diabetes
- Obstructive sleep apnea
- Cardiovascular disease, including coronary failure, heart defects, heart infection or abnormal cardiac rhythm, like atrial fibrillation
- Personal or case history of stroke, attack or transient ischemic attack.
Other factors related to a better risk of stroke include:
Age — People age 55 or older have a better risk of stroke than do younger people.
Sex — Women are usually older once they have strokes, and they are more likely to die of strokes than are men.
Hormones — Use of contraception pills or hormone therapies that include estrogen increases risk.
What Are the kinds of Strokes?
Strokes fall under three main categories: transient ischemic attack (TIA), ischaemic stroke, and haemorrhagic stroke. These categories are further weakened into other sorts of strokes, including:
- embolic stroke
- thrombotic stroke
- intracerebral stroke
- subarachnoid stroke
What Are The Causes of Stroke?
- Each sort of stroke features a different set of potential causes. Generally, however, stroke is more likely to affect an individual if they:
- have overweight or obesity are 55 years aged or older have a private or case history of stroke have high blood pressure
- have diabetes
- have high cholesterol
- have heart condition, arteria carotid disease, or another vascular disease
What are the precautions of Stroke?
- Quitting smoking now will lower your risk for stroke.
- Consume alcohol in moderation:If you drink excessively, attempt to reduce your intake.
- Maintain you weight at a healthy level. stroke risk is more in obese.
- To assist manage your weight:Eat a diet that’s filled with fruits and vegetables.Eat foods low in cholesterol, trans fats, and saturated fats.
- Controlling high vital sign (hypertension). this is often one among the foremost important belongings you can do to scale back your stroke risk. If you've had a stroke, lowering your vital sign can help prevent a subsequent TIA or stroke.
- Healthy lifestyle changes and medications are often wont to treat high vital sign.Lowering the quantity of cholesterol and saturated fat in your diet.
What is the treatment followed?
Management of strokes depend upon its type. Different treatment plan is followed for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
For ischemic stroke, so as to dissolve the clot following is done:
- Emergency IV medication - Given to interrupt the clot within 4-5 hrs of the start.Sooner the treatment better wouldn't just be the condition but also less complications. IV injection of recombinant tissue urokinase (tPA) — also called alteplase (Activase) — is that the gold standard treatment for ischemic stroke
- Emergency Endovascular Therapy- it's performed immediately when the clot remains forming either by medications or stent retrieverAngioplasty or stents
- Medications: Medications prescribed are antiplatelets or anticoagulants, clot breaking drug like tPA. You can now buy medicines from online pharmacy app Delhi.
For Haemorrhagic strokes drugs given are to prevent the bleeding. Following methods are:
- Medication: Medicines are given to lower the vital sign or counteract the effect of blood thinner if it had been prescribed before.
- Surgery- Surgery like endovascular embolization is performed
- Surgical Clipping
- Clamping
Conclusion
Rehabilitation may begin before you allow the hospital. After discharge, you would possibly continue your program during a rehabilitation unit of an equivalent hospital, another rehabilitation unit or skilled nursing facility, as an outpatient, or reception.