Principle of Ultrasonic Probe

Ultrasonic probe is a device that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves during the ultrasonic detection process. The performance of the probe directly affects the characteristics of the ultrasonic, and affects the detection performance of the ultrasonic. The key component in the probe is the wafer. The wafer is a single crystal or polycrystalline sheet with piezoelectric effect. Its function is to convert electrical energy and sound energy to each other.

1. The principle of ultrasonic probe

Ultrasonic probes mainly use the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric crystals such as quartz to complete the conversion of electrical energy to ultrasonic mechanical vibration (ie, the emission of ultrasonic waves), and use the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric crystals to complete the conversion of ultrasonic mechanical vibration to electrical energy (ie, ultrasonic reception). Therefore, the ultrasonic probe can be called an ultrasonic generator or an ultrasonic receiver. It is an important part of ultrasonic testing and an important structure that affects the test results.

2. The key components of the ultrasonic probe

The ultrasonic probe is equipped with two chip probes, one of which is as a transmitter and the other as a receiver. The dual crystal probe of the ultrasonic probe is mainly composed of a socket, a shell, a sound insulation layer, a transmitting chip, a receiving chip, a delay block, etc., and a vertical longitudinal wave sound beam is used to scan the workpiece. The dual crystal straight probe has better detection ability of near-surface defects; for rough or curved inspection surfaces, it has better coupling effect, and is used in semi-automatic or automated flaw detection systems. When the axis of the sound beam emitted by the ultrasonic probe is perpendicular to the detection surface, the longitudinal wave direct sound beam scans the workpiece; adjust the probe sound beam axis to form a certain angle with the detection surface, and the sound beam is refracted at the interface between the water and the workpiece. The inclined transverse wave sound beam can be generated in the workpiece to scan the workpiece. When the plexiglass or cured epoxy resin in front of the ultrasonic probe wafer is processed into a certain arc, a point-focused or line-focused water immersion probe can be obtained.

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