Outdoor equipment list, what are the essential items for mountaineering and hiking?

Outdoor equipment list, what are the essential items for mountaineering and hiking?
For those who don’t know hiking, they may think that only a pair of hiking shoes and trekking poles are enough. In fact, this idea is wrong. Mountain climbing and trekking are dangerous, and can lead to life-threatening in serious cases, so adequate mountaineering equipment is essential. There are so many mountaineering supplies on the market, what should I buy? Organize 10 items necessary for mountaineering and trekking to make sure everyone starts safely.
1. Map and compass
There are not many signs on the mountain road. Once you get lost or you can't get out of the inaccessible places, you will lose your way and your goal. Lost and missing is one of the most common causes of mountain disasters. Therefore, climbers must bring compasses and maps, and must be familiar with their usage in advance. The map will tell you where there are villages or roads, and help you find a way out at a critical moment.

2. Headlight + spare light and battery
Some friends may ask why you need to use a headlight instead of a flashlight, because by hanging the light on your head, your hands can be free for use in more needed places. For example, if a team member is injured, you need to carry it and hold it Maps and so on. Even if you are only expected to walk the mountain road during the day, you should take the lead, because sometimes the weather may change suddenly or the path may collapse and cause you to return at night. This is not something you can predict.
3. Food
Don't bring food to reduce the weight of your backpack. Being hungry will not only lead to insufficient physical strength, but also dizziness due to low blood sugar. In fact, many light foods have been introduced on the market, such as instant rice that can be eaten without boiling or boiling water. In addition, a combination of dried meat, dried fruits, raisins and candies is also a good choice.

4. Extra clothing
Insulation is the first element of survival in the wild. In an emergency, extra clothing can save your life. In addition to waterproof and windproof clothing for mountain climbing, you should also prepare additional clothing to cope with the ever-changing weather, such as a down vest or a set of sweat-wicking underwear. As the waterproof capacity of the backpack is limited, it is necessary to wrap the clothes in a waterproof bag to ensure it is dry.
5. Emergency medical kit
The equipment and medication of the emergency medical kit should be mainly used for external injuries, scalds, insect bites, fever reduction, anti-inflammatory, cramp prevention, and personal special needs. Although the medical actions that can be performed in the mountains are very limited, if there is no emergency medical kit, even some basic trauma treatments cannot be treated immediately, which will increase the chance of bacterial infection.
6. Knife
When you encounter emergencies, the knife can do a lot of work, such as building a shelter, lighting a fire, making a stretcher, and even rock climbing, so every climber should carry a knife with him. The commonly used knives in the mountains include small and medium-sized knives. Medium-sized knives are the best weapon for making fires, opening roads and self-defense, while small knives are more comfortable in cooking food or handling certain matters.

7. Matches/lighters
It is easy to buy a stove to make a fire on the market, and there is no need to drill wood to make a fire as much as in ancient times. Bring a match and a lighter for backup purposes. In case someone breaks the stove and loses it, you can also use a lighter and a kind of tinder to quickly start a fire in the wild when necessary.
8. Raincoat
Because it is too inconvenient to hold an umbrella in the mountains, a raincoat is the best waterproof tool. Although you will check the weather report and choose the weather to start before climbing, the weather is sometimes not 100% accurate. Raincoats are the most important tool when the mountain encounters wind and rain.
9. Survival Box
The survival box must be a metal sealed box, which should contain small and scattered survival supplies or repair supplies such as string, iron wire, survival paper, lighter, sewing kit, mirror, whistle, small straw, etc. When necessary, it can be used as a cooker for cooking.
10. Sunglasses
There is a practical need to wear sunglasses for mountaineering. The intensity of ultraviolet rays in high mountains above 3,000 meters will exceed 50% of sea level, not to mention in snow. In this case, bare eyes can easily cause snow blindness, and sunglasses are used to prevent UV damage.

You must be prepared for mountain climbing and hiking so that you can enjoy mountaineering with peace of mind.