Gastric and esophageal cancers are characterized by growth of malignant (cancerous) cells, forming a tumor, within the lining of stomach and esophagus. Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and Barrett’s esophagus can causes gastric and esophageal cancers. Symptoms of gastric and esophageal cancers include difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia), weight loss, chest pain, indigestion or heartburn, coughing or hoarseness, pain behind the breastbone. Early stage of gastric and esophageal cancer does not show any of this signs and symptoms.
Elderly nutrition consists of vitamin, protein, minerals, lipids, and other, which help in maintaining nutritional balance as well as improving immunity to prevent diseases such as cancer, vitamin deficiency, neurological disorders, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis. Different types of nutrition products are majorly in form of drinks, powder, supplements, and others.
Dental wound dressings are small unit of medicaments, which is used in oral or maxillofacial surgery and dentoalveolar surgery to dress wounds, relieve pain, and prevent infection and to promote healing. Postoperative bleeding is major complication after tooth extraction. The dental wound dressings are used to control bleeding and protect the surface of the wound from further injury. It also cleans oral wounds created during dental surgery. The type of dressing used for wound dressing depends on various factors such as the type of injury, the size, location, and severity.
Dental caries is a breakdown of teeth due to acids produced by bacteria. It is also called as tooth decay or cavity. The bacteria tends to convert sugar and carbohydrates (starches) present in the foods to acids. This acid dissolves minerals in the hard enamel that covers the tooth's crown and results in enamel erosion or pits/plaque on the tooth. This leads to decaying of the softer dentin layer. Thus, due to break down of dentin, a cavity is created. Symptoms of dental caries include tooth sensitivity, tooth pain, black or white staining on teeth, and a visible hole in teeth. Risk factors associated with dental caries are dry mouth, acid reflux diseases, anorexia, and bulimia.
Biomarkers are measurable indicators used to evaluate and determine pathogenic processes and therapeutic interventions and predict treatment response. Biomarkers are used in various scientific fields. Biomarkers are utilized in drug development and regulatory decision-making process as they have the potential to improve the efficiency of drug discovery and development process. Biomarkers offer information about a patient at virtually every stage of care. Biomarker development for brain disorders is increasing rapidly with advanced technologies that permit molecular and functional disease measures taken from brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and plasma.
Canine arthritis is a major ailments seen in the middle aged to older dogs. Most common causes of canine arthritis include, cartilage deficits, previous injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament, poor nutrition, trauma after a car accident, penetration of joint by a sharp object, or bite, infection in the joint, stresses on the joint, disruption of cartilage, bone, synovial membranes, and ligaments that support a joint, bacteria spread through the blood supply, fungus, and tick-borne disease. Symptoms of canine arthritis include, lameness and stiffness, slow gait, difficulty in rising from rest, lethargy and tendency to sleep more, urinating indoors, muscle atrophy, swelling, pain, licking of joints, gain or loss of weight, nervous...
Bovine blood plasma derivatives are products containing proteins that are obtained from the blood plasma of bovine animals using physico-chemical or other fractionation processes. Bovine blood plasma include, Factor VIII and IX Concentrate, Anti-Inhibitor Coagulation Complex (AICC), Albumin, immunoglobulins, including Rh Immune Globulin, Anti-Thrombin III Concentrate, and Alpha 1-Proteinase Inhibitor Concentrate. Plasma derivatives are used for protein structure analysis, sequence analysis, and biochemical research.
Automatic stair climbing wheelchair is designed for individuals having limited lower extremity mobility conditions associated with spinal cord injuries, stroke, traumatic brain injury or multiple sclerosis. This wheelchairs allow the user to move in a variety of positions such as reclining, standing, being lowered to the ground, and being elevated. Stair climbing wheelchair are categorized into continuous, intermittent, and auxillary. Electric-powered wheelchair with stair-climbing ability is major requirement for many of the patients and elderly people suffering from walking dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis is characterized by the narrowing and hardening of the arteries. In this condition, arteries become blocked by fatty substances, such as cholesterol. These substances are called as plaques or atheroma. The risks of atherosclerosis increase with age. The deposition of plaque tends to narrow the arterial canal, which result in the limited flow of blood and oxygen through it. Atherosclerosis commences with damage to the endothelium of arteries leading to the formation of plaque. This condition is dangerous for the vital organs such as heart and brain. The risk associated with atherosclerosis includes serious cardiovascular and brain diseases. Collectively, these conditions are more common for cardiovascular diseases (CVD)...
Indirect ophthalmoscopes produce an inverted or reversed, direct image, which is two to five times magnified. An indirect ophthalmoscope has a stronger light source, a specially designed objective lens, and opportunity for stereoscopic inspection of the interior of the eyeball. Indirect ophthalmoscopes are important for diagnosis and treatment of retinal tears, holes, and detachments. Laser indirect ophthalmoscope has become an important tool in diagnosis and management of variety of vitreoretinal disorders. The most useful and successful variant of traditional ophthalmoscope is the binocular indirect headband ophthalmoscope (laser indirect ophthalmoscope).