Water constitutes an essential part for community well-being. Water is a universal solvent, but solids, such as clay, fine sand, dust, and rust, are insoluble in water, resulting in cloudiness and are technically known as total suspended solids (TSS). Water treatment is carried out to decrease the TSS levels as per the end-user requirement, and hence differs depending on the factors such as TSS level, location, and application. Removal of suspended solids and microorganisms is done by differentiating the chemical, physical, and biological properties of water and its constituents. Water treatment equipment are chosen based on the properties of constituents such as density, quantity, chemical reactivity, boiling point, solubility, melting...